Synthesia is a systematic and involuntary sensory experience induced by an unrelated stimulus. For example, seeing a letter or number induces a color, but there are many varieties of synthesia. For many sounds can induce color sensations. These sensations, while amorphous and ethereal, often seem to have a definite spatial location. Others experience these color images when hearing or reading the days of the week. Less common is the synthesia in which hearing certain words induces distinct flavors in the mouth. In this rare form tasting a flavor can produce tactile feelings of shape.
The estimated number of people in the population believed to possibly have some form of congenital synthesia ranges from 1 in 20,000 to 1 in 23. Synthesia is known to run in families. Synesthetes in the general population tend to have some artistic profession or hobby.
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